(photoshop)如何从真实表面提取法线贴图
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]'How to make normal maps from real surfaces'－－如何从真实表面提取法线贴图[/color][/size][/font][font=黑体][size=3][color=black][b]"How to make normal maps from real surfaces"[/b]
by Ryan Clark
原文链接：[/color][/size][/font][url=http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/normal_maps_01.asp][font=黑体][size=3][color=black]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/normal_maps_01.asp[/color][/size][/font][/url]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/main.jpg[/img]
I've devised a way to capture normal and displacement maps from real 3D surfaces. It's easy! Just follow the steps below.
（我想出了一种从真实的三维物体上捕捉法线贴图和置换贴图的方法。它非常简单，请按照下面的步骤跟着我做。）
Materials: （准备）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
You need these things:
（你需要准备下面这些东西：）
1. Digital Camera
（数码相机）
2. Computer with Photoshop and Nvidia's Texture Tools
（安装了ｐｈｏｔｏｓｈｏｐ和Ｎｖｉｄｉａ纹理工具的计算机）
3. Movable light-source
（可移动的光源）
4. Subject. (In this example, Subject is a bowl of peanuts.)
（主题（在这个例子中，主题是一碗花生））
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/camera.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/UltimateComputer.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/flashlight.jpg[/img]
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/subject.jpg[/img][/color][/size][/font] [font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 1:
(步骤1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
With your camera fixed, photograph your subject four times, lighted from each of four directions. You'll want to experiment with the elevation of your light. Light from a low angle, but not so low that your subject is obscured by its own shadow.
(固定好你的相机，然后移动光源，从不同的照明角度拍摄主题的照片。你可能会想抬高你的灯。请保持光源处在较低的角度，但也不要放的太低以至于你的主题因为处于自身的阴影而模糊不清。)[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/above.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/left.jpg[/img]
Lighted From Above( 从正上方打光） Lighted From Left（从左侧打光）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/below.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/right.jpg[/img]
Lighted From Below（从下方打光） Lighted From Right（从右侧打光）[/color][/size][/font] [font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 2:
（步骤2）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Crop your photographs, and convert them to grayscale.
（复制一份你拍摄的照片，并将它们转化为灰度图像。）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/north2.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/west2.jpg[/img]
Lighted From Above(从上方打光） Lighted From Left （从左侧打光）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/south2.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/east2.jpg[/img]
Lighted From Below(从下方打光） Lighted From Right（从右侧打光）[/color][/size][/font] [font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 3:
（步骤３）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Create a new image (hereafter called "AboveLeft"), with your Above-lighted photograph for a green channel, and your Left-lighted photograph for a red channel.
（创建一个新图像（我把它叫作“左上”，下文亦然），让你的从上方打光的图作为绿色通道，从左侧打光的图作为红色通道。（译者注：记得用的是灰度图））
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/NorthWest3.jpg[/img]
AboveLeft:(左上）
green channel = Lighted From Above（绿色通道＝从上方打光的图）
red channel = Lighted From Left（红色通道＝从左侧打光的图）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 4:
（步骤4）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjust levels for "AboveLeft". Select output levels 127 and 0.
（调整“左上”的色阶，将输出级别设置为127和0。）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/levelsNW.jpg[/img]
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/NorthWest4.jpg[/img]
AboveLeft:after levels adjusted
（色阶调整过后的“左上”）[/color][/size][/font] [font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 5:
（步骤5）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Create a new image (hereafter called "BelowRight"), with your Below-lighted photograph for a green channel, and your Right-lighted photograph for a red channel
（创建一个新图像（命名为“右下”，下文亦然），用从下方打光的图作为它的绿色通道，从右侧打光的图作为它的红色通道。）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/SouthEast3.jpg[/img]
BelowRight:（右下）
green channel = Lighted From Below（绿色通道＝从下方打光的图）
red channel = Lighted From Right （红色通道＝从右侧打光的图）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 6:
（步骤6）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adjust levels for "BelowRight". Select output levels 128 and 255.
（调整“右下”的色阶，将输出级别设置为128和255）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/levelsSE.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/SouthEast4.jpg[/img] [/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]BelowRight: after levels adjusted(色阶调整过的“右下”）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 7:
（步骤7）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paste BelowRight into a new layer over AboveLeft. Set the new layer's blend mode to "Overlay," and flatten your image.
(Optionally, experiment with other blend modes. I find "Hard Light" works well for some maps).
（将“右下”粘贴到“左上”之上的一个新的图层。并将这个图层的混合模式设置为“ｏｖｅｒｌａｙ”，这将使你的图像变得平缓。（可以随意的试试其他混合模式，我觉得“ｈａｒｄｌｉｇｈｔ”对某些图像来说是个不错的选择））
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/blendmode1.jpg[/img]
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/all1.jpg[/img][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Normal Map:after image overlay(叠加之后的法线贴图）[/color][/size][/font] [font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 8:
（步骤8）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Fill the blue channel with a light color. Experiment with the shade; a lighter blue will yield a smoother normal map.
（给它的蓝色通道填充一种亮色。尝试下着色，然后会呈现法线贴图那种光滑的亮蓝色。）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/all2.jpg[/img]
Normal Map :blue channel lightened(蓝色通道变亮之后的法线贴图）
[/color][/size][/font][font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 9:
（步骤9）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Apply NVIDIA's Normal Map filter, using the "Normalize Only" setting. Your normal map should now be finished and ready for use
（应用Ｎｖｉｄｉａ的法线贴图过滤器，选择“ｎｏｍａｌｉｚｅ ｏｎｌｙ”。现在你的法线贴图以经完成并可以使用了。）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/nfilter.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/all3.jpg[/img]
Normal Map :finished and ready for use（已经完成可以使用的法线贴图）
[/color][/size][/font][font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Step 10:
（步骤10）
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
If you need a displacement map, my Displacement Map Creator will make one for you.
（如果你需要置换贴图，我的“置换贴图生成器”可以帮你做一个。）－－译者注：原文中的置换贴图生成器链接已失效，用ＰＳ也可以。
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/displacement.jpg[/img]
[/color][/size][/font][font=黑体][size=3][color=black]Further Examples:（更多的例子）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/example01.jpg[/img]
Subject:Decorative Cross Normal Map:after steps 1 -9 Displacement Map:from displacement map creator
(主题：装饰性的十字架 法线贴图：在经过步骤1-9之后 置换贴图）[/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/example02.jpg[/img][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black]3D Renderings:
(3维渲染）
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/crossrenders3.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/crossrenders20.jpg[/img]
[img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/RocksRender1.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/rocksrender2.jpg[/img][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=black][img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/nutsrender1.jpg[/img] [img]http://www.3dtotal.com/team/Tutorials/normal_maps/images/nutsrender2.jpg[/img][/color][/size][/font]
[font=黑体][size=3][color=#000000]来源：译文3D网[/color][/size][/font]
[[i] 本帖最后由 火柴盒 于 2008-4-22 07:57 编辑 [/i]] 收下再说``:victory:
页:
[1]