Chrome is one of the most used materials in the Design field. This material needs only a few settings to be rendered in an optimal way. You can see many samples of chrome in the design gallery of the Florence Design Academy http://www.florencedesignacademy.com
（铬合金是在设计领域用的最多的材质之一。这个材质仅需要一点设置就能被非常理想的渲染出来。你可以在佛罗伦萨设计学院（http://www.florencedesignacademy.com）的设计画廊看到很多鉻合金的例子。）
（让我们开始吧）
1.) You need a dark grey diffuse colour (for a perfect mirror it should be black, but often a dark grey colour has a better effect on chrome).
（1.你需要使用一个深灰色作为漫反射的颜色（对于完美的镜面反射，它应该是黑色，但对鉻而言，深灰色会有更好的效果。）
2.) Now go to add glossiness and specular level (there are no fixed values, the correct effect is strongly depending by the light that you create. You can begin with the value 40 in both slots).
（2.现在添加一些光泽度和高光层级（这里没有固定的数值，理想的效果很大程度上的取决于跟你所创建的灯光，开始你可以将其都设为40）。）
3.) Go to maps and assign to the REFLECTION map "RAYTRACE". This will allow you to have REAL reflections of other objects in the scene on this material. The value in the reflection slot should be between 85 and 100 (a mirror must have 100).
（3.进入贴图卷展栏，给反射通道指定“光线追踪”贴图。它会在这个材质上对场景里的其他物体进行真实的反射。反射数量应该在85到100之间（镜面反射必须是100）。）
Very often you need to have a environment which reflects on your object to achieve a good rendering. A good reflection will give a touch of realism to your object and will describe better organic shapes. But what if we don't have any other object in the scene that can reflect on our model?
（通常你需要为反射指定一个环境以达到更好的渲染效果。一个好的反射将给你的物体添加真实性，并能呈现更好的结构形态。但是如果我们的场景中没有任何其他物体，那么在我们的模型上究竟能反射些什么呢？）
We will use a FAKE reflection. This kind of technique simulates to have an environment reflected on surfaces which in reality does not exist in your scene. In fact we will use a simple image to create a Fake reflection.
After you have insert RAYTRACE in the reflection map you will see that the material editor is showing new settings. This are the settings of the raytrace panel (on the right side of the material editor you can see written RAYTRACE instead of standard). Like in the image below go to assign to the NONE button in BACKGROUND a BITMAP.
（在你将光线追踪指定到反射贴图通道以后，你将看到材质编辑器显示出新的属性。这是光线追踪贴图的设置面板（右侧是贴图浏览器，你可以看到标为“raytrace”的材质在标准材质的上面）。如下图所示，给背景栏里的NONE按钮指定一张位图。）
After this step you will see that the material editor is showing you the settings of the Bitmap panel. Normally you must reduce the output amount of the fake reflection (this is the setting which will make more or less visible the image that you choose as fake reflection). To make the image "less visible" you must go to "Output" where in the "output amount" slot you must put a value which is a little bit smaller than 1 (for example 0,7). Normally the standard number 1 is too high as value.
（此后你可以看到材质编辑器向你显示了位图的设置面板。通常你需要降低模拟反射的输出数量（这项设置能控制你选为模拟反射的图像的可见度）。要使图像较少的出现，你需要进入“output”卷展栏，降低“output amount”（输出数量）值小于1，例如0.7。通常默认的数值1都太大了。）
Picture used as fake reflection for the rendering below
（下面使用于模拟反射的贴图）
In this way you can obtain really very good reflection effects. Here below you can see a sample.
（通过这种方法你可以非常好的反射效果，下图是一个例子。）
On this image you can see the reflection of the grey environment + 2 white boxes + the fake reflection
（在这张图里你可以看到灰色的环境＋2个白色的反光板＋模拟反射贴图在物体表面的反射。）
Here we have the same scene with the same settings like above. Only the image for fake reflection is different.
（这里是有着同样设置的同一个场景，惟一的不同是没有添加模拟反射贴图。）
Tip1: Remember that with Mental Ray the fake reflection is NOT visible in the material slot as preview. You must make a test rendering to see the result.
（提示1：记住使用mental的话，模拟反射在材质球预览框里是不可见的。你必须做一个测试渲染才能看到结果。）
Tip 2: There are many ways to create Chrome. Another way to create Chrome is trough a RAYTRACE material (change standard with RAYTRACE in a new material slot). But the result is the same as in the standard material.
（提示2：有很多方法来制作鉻合金。另一种方法是通过光线追踪材质，但是结果跟使用标准材质是一样的。）
Tip 3: A HDR image can also used as a fake reflection. HDRI renderings will be explained in other Florence Design Academy tutorials or lessons. )Ea8{m!
（提示3：HDR图像可以用于模拟反射。HDRI渲染将在其他的佛罗伦萨设计学院教程中讲解。）
Tip 4: If you want exclude an object from reflection: go to the chrome material, select raytrace that you have in the reflection maps slot. Click on the button LOCAL EXCLUDE. Now just select the objects that must be excluded from the reflection of the chrome material. This will make the selected object invisible in the Chrome material. z9 O~W5-U
（提示4：如果你项将某些物体从反射中排除掉，你可以进入鉻合金材质，选择反射通道的光线追踪贴图，单击LOCAL EXCLUDE按钮，然后选择那些需要排除掉的物体。这将使所选择的物体在鉻合金材质的反射中不可见。）
Tip 5 : A mirror material is very similar to Chrome: Black diffuse colour, no specular highlights and Raytrace 100% in the reflection map.
（提示5：镜面材质与鉻合金很像：黑色的漫射颜色，没有高光，反射通道数量为100。）
You can find the information for the illumination & render settings in other Florence Design Academy tutorials.
（你可以在其他的佛罗伦萨设计学院教程中找到关于照明和渲染的设置。）
I hope you have enjoyed this tutorial.
（希望你喜欢这个教程。）
发表于 2008-4-21 15:44
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